目的通过直肠癌患者在化疗前和化疗结束时的肝功能检验指标的变化以及其与HLA-DRB1、HLA-DQB1多态性的关联，以期找到直肠癌化疗副损伤的相关基因。方法选取78例直肠癌患者，采用多聚酶链反应-序列特异性引物(PCR-SSP)法检测其HLA-DRB1、HLA-DQB1的多态性。同时检测直肠癌患者化疗前和化疗结束时的肝功能检验指标，包括：TBIL、DBIL、TP、ALB、ALT、AST、ALP、GGT。结果 HLA-DRB1*07有可能是化疗对ALB、ALT损伤的抵抗基因；HLA-DRB1*08有可能是化疗对ALB、ALT损伤的抵抗基因；HLA-DRB1*09有可能是化疗对ALB、ALT损伤的抵抗基因；HLA-DRB1*12有可能是化疗对ALB、ALT损伤的抵抗基因；HLA-DQB1*02有可能是化疗对ALB、ALT损伤的抵抗基因；HLA-DQB1*05有可能是化疗对ALB损伤的抵抗基因；HLA-DQB1*06有可能是化疗对ALT损伤的抵抗基因，同时HLA-DQB1*06也可能是化疗对ALB损伤的敏感基因。结论 HLA可能是肿瘤化疗副损伤的标志性基因。%Objective To explore the related genes of Subsidiary-damage in tumor chemotherapy by the change of liver function index of patients with rectal cancer before and after chemotherapy and their correlation with the polymorphism of HLA-DRB1/DQB1. Methods Total 78 patients with rectal cancer were selected. The DNA of every patient were extracted and the polymorphism of their HLA-DRB1, HLA-DQB1 was detected by PCR-SSP. Meanwhile, each index before and after chemotherapy were detected, including TBIL, DBIL, TP, ALB, ALT, AST, ALP, GGT. Results HLA-DRB1*07 may be resistance gene of ALB、ALT injury; HLA-DRB1*08 may be resistance gene of ALB、ALT injury; HLA-DRB1*09 may be resistance gene of ALB、ALT injury; HLA-DRB1*12 may be resistance gene of ALB、ALT injury; HLA-DQB1*02 may be resistance gene of ALB, ALT injury; HLA-DQB1*05 may be resistance gene of ALB injury; HLA-DQB1*06 may be resistance gene of ALT injury and HLA-DQB1*06 may be sensitive gene of ALB injury. Conclusion HLA may be marker genes of secondary impair of tumour chems.
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