Analysis of Effect of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) Gene Polymorphism on Liver Function Status of Alcohol Drinkers in Indonesia

摘要

Alcohol abuse occurs in the younger generation of Indonesia. ALDH2 gene polymorphisms need to be examined especially regarding its influence on the liver function status of alcohol drinkers in Indonesia. This study aimed to determine the effect of the ALDH2 types on the liver function status of alcohol drinkers in Indonesia. This study used a cross-sectional research design. Blood samples were derived from 97 alcohol drinkers and 103 non-drinkers in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. ALDH2 types were determined by PCR-RLFP. The liver function status was determined from direct observation of serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) with spectrophotometry. ALDH2 gene variation and liver function status (SGOT, SGPT, GGT) were analyzed descriptively, while the influence of ALDH2 types towards the liver function status was analyzed by Chi~2 test. There were three types of ALDH2 found: ALDH2*1, ALDH2*2, and ALDH2* 1/2*2. The results showed ALDH2*1 types in alcohol drinkers (17.7 %), and non-drinkers (35.9 %) and blood chemistry analysis statistically showed there was no difference in influencing liver function status (p > 0.05). ALDH2*2 types appeared in alcohol drinkers (82.3 %) and non-drinkers (63.1 %), while only the value of GGT was statistically different in influencing liver function status (p < 0.05). ALDH2*I/2*2 gene polymorphism was mostly absent in alcohol drinkers (0.0 %) and non-drinkers (0.1 %). The most common type of ALDH2 found both in alcohol drinkers, and non-drinkers was ALDH2*2. Only the value of GGT statistically showed a significant difference in influencing liver function status.