基于压电陶瓷主轴单元可控预紧力研究

摘要

As the heart of the machine tool, spindle unit is the key part for ensuring the accuracy of the ma-chine tool, especially in advocating smart, efficient, green and energy-efficient ideas. The size of the pre-load has important influence on dynamic performance of machine tool spindle unit. The research status and developmental trend about the bearing preload device at home and abroad are discussed, the method and the size of bearing preload is briefly described, using piezoelectric ceramics as motorized spindle bearing preload applying parts combined with its characteristics and preload influence on spindle vibration and temperature rising is verified, the related experimental research is performed.%作为机床的心脏，主轴单元是保障机床工作精度的核心部件，尤需倡导智能、高效、绿色、节能理念。预紧力的大小对机床主轴单元动态性能有重要影响。文中分析了国内外有关轴承预紧装置的研究现状及发展趋势，简述了轴承预紧方式及大小的确定方法，结合压电陶瓷的自身特性，选用压电陶瓷作为轴承预紧力的施力部件，验证其作为电主轴预紧施力部件的可行性及预紧力对主轴振动和轴承温升影响，并进行相关实验研究。