基于极值法与统计公差法的不同尺寸公差分配方法的研究∗

摘要

The assembly tolerance allocation is an important link in tolerance design. The manufacturing cost of the product is determined by the size of tolerance, reasonable allocation is of great significance to the as-sembly tolerance. However, the assembly tolerance allocation is also different in different tolerance analysis method. This paper introduces the main methods of assembly tolerance allocation,including equal tolerance, equal precision method and the optimun allocation method, i. e. In combination with the project example, we analyze all tolerance allocation method using deterministic and statistical tolerance analysis. The results show that, in the actual application of the assembly tolerance chain using statistical tolerance method con-straints and consider the economic tolerance constraints processing method distribute the assembly tolerance as optimization scheme. And integrated it into the computer tolerance design system.%对装配体的尺寸公差分配是产品公差设计中的一项重要环节。公差的大小决定着产品的制造成本，对装配尺寸公差进行合理分配具有重要意义。然而在两种不同的公差分析方法下其各种公差分配也有所不同。文章介绍了目前装配尺寸公差分配的主要方法，有等公差法、等精度法和最优化分配法等。结合齿轮轴工程实例，分别运用极值法和统计公差法对各种尺寸公差分配方法进行分析研究。其结果表明，在实际运用中利用装配功能公差链统计公差法约束条件并考虑加工方法的经济性公差约束条件对装配尺寸公差进行分配为最优化分析方案。并将其集成到计算机公差设计系统中。