基于公差原则的装配公差统计分析

摘要

In order to improve the compatibility of mechanical products, reduce the manufacturing cost, tolerance principle can be applied in the component design, but in the existing statistical tolerance analysis method is less considered in tolerance principle of parts.In order to solve this problem, 3D assembly tolerance model is established considering tolerancing principle based on jacobian-torsor theory, and the statistical tolerance analysis was carried out on the assembly combined with the monte-carlo method, in the meantime, considering the constraint relationship between the screw when the screw interval is shown feature variations, make the tolerance analysis results more in line with the actual situation.Finally,a machine tailstock was taken as an example, compared the tolerance analysis results in different tolerance principle, and efficiency of the proposed method was verified.%为了提高机械产品的互换性,减少制造成本,公差原则在零件设计时有着广泛的应用,但是在现有的装配公差统计分析方法中却较少考虑零件的公差原则.为解决此问题,基于雅克比旋量理论建立了考虑公差原则的三维装配公差模型,并结合蒙特卡洛法对装配体进行统计公差分析,期间在用旋量区间表示特征变动时并考虑了旋量间的约束关系,使公差分析结果更加符合实际情况.最后以简易顶尖尾座装配体为实例,对比了零件应用不同公差原则时的公差分析结果,验证了所述方法的有效性.