高速数控车床主轴变工况温升特性研究

摘要

为了定量评价和分析高速数控车床在不同运行工况下的主轴温升特性,以某高速数控车床主轴系统为研究对象,在分析主轴系统热源基础上,考虑实际工况参数对主轴系统温升影响,设计了空转条件和切削条件下的工况参数表,利用正交实验法对各工况参数进行组合,然后运用 ANSYS Workbench15.0进行热稳态分析,得到不同工况下主轴系统的温度场分布情况;在此基础上,采用了多元线性回归的方法建立变工况参数与车床主轴系统达到热平衡时最高温升的预测模型,并对模型进行了验证,结果表明主轴系统温度真实值与预测值的误差在0℃ ~2.5℃范围内,所以预测模型具有很高的预测精度.此模型为车床主轴系统温升特性评估、工程实践中工艺参数的合理确定和热误差补偿提供依据.%In order to evaluate and analyze the thermal characteristic of the High-speed Computer Numerical Control (CNC) lathe under different working conditions.Taking the spindle system of the high speed CNC lathe as research object,firstly,the heat sources of the spindle system were analyzed,and the condition pa-rameters under the free running operation and the cutting condition were designed considering the relationship between the actual condition parameters and the temperature rise of the spindle system,and then the various condition parameters were combined orthogonally for numerical simulation analysis based on the computer software ANSYS Workbench15.0,which got the temperature distribution of the spindle system under differ-ent working conditions;finally the prediction models were established between the condition parameters and the highest temperature rise reached the thermal equilibrium of the lathe spindle system by using the multiple linear regression,and the prediction models are given practice tests. the ressults shows the error of ture tem-perature and the forecasting temperature in the range of 0 °C to 2.5 °C of the multiple linear regression pre-diction models,so have good forecasting accuracy. The prediction models can provide the basis for reasona-ble determination process parameters and the thermal errors compensation in the engineering practice.