车身薄壁结构声学性能优化设计

摘要

为了较好地改善汽车的NVH性能,有效降低车内噪声,对某汽车车身结构进行板件厚度优化.建立该汽车有限元模型及声腔有限元模型,根据车身板件贡献度分析,选择贡献度较大的顶盖、地板、后门板玻璃、左后门玻璃和左后门板的厚度作为优化变量.基于最优拉丁方试验设计建立分析目标的响应面模型并进行可靠性的验证.采用多岛遗传算法对响应面模型进行优化设计,优化后车内噪声得到明显改善,表明该算法具有较高的精确性与有效性.%To improve NVH performance and to reduce noise of cars,plate thickness optimization of cars' body structure should be taken.Developed a valid meta-model of the car,and chose thickness of head cover,floor,glass of rear door,glass of left back door and left rear door,which are with high body module contribution degree,as our optimization variable.Have designed and developed response model of target basing on optimal Latin experiment,and have verified the reliability.Have made optimized analysis on response model with MIGA.Inside noise is reduced after that,which proves that the method is with high veracity and validity.