Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the allergen of AD (atopic dermatitis, AD) patients and provide reference for the prevention of AD of local region. Methods: The igE (immunoglobulin e, igE) and antibiotic of slgE of AD patients treated in our hospital from Jan 2016 to Jan 2017 were tested by means of ELISA (enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay, ELISA) and their allergen were analyzed. Results: A total of 63 cases were collected, of whom 36 cases were less than 6 years old, accounting for 57.14% and were classified as preschool group and the rest 27 cases aging from 6 to 15, accounting for 42.86% were classified as schooling group. The positive rate of serum igE of two groups were 55.56% and 59.26% respectively and the positive rate of serum igE of them were 58.33%and 55.56%, and the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05). The most common allergen were allergen of inhalation as penicillium notatum, aspergillus fumigatus, mugwort, dog hair and allergen of edibility as mango, pineapple, apple, peach and strawberry; the constituent ratio of fugous allergen of preschool group was higher than that of schooling group while their constituent ratio of mango, pineapple, apple, peach and strawberry was lower than that of latter group and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusions: The positive rate of both serum igE and slgE of AD patients are high and the age has no difference. The common allergens of preschool patients are edible while the schooling patients are inhaling. It is expected to decrease the AD rate through the avoidance of allergic food and prevention measurements.%目的:分析本地区特应性皮炎(Atopic dermatitis,AD)患者过敏原检测结果,为本地区AD的预防提供参考依据.方法:使用ELISA方法检测我院2016年1月至2017年1月收治AD患者血清总免疫球蛋白E(IgE)及特异性IgE抗体(sIgE),并分析其过敏原表达情况.结果:63例患者中,36例<6岁,占57.14%,纳入学龄前组,其余27例年龄6~15岁,占42.86%,纳入学龄期组.学龄前组、学龄期组血清总IgE阳性率分别为55.56%、59.26%,其sIgE阳性率分别为58.33%、55.56%,组间比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).患者过敏原以点青霉/烟曲霉/交链胞霉、艾蒿、狗毛等吸入性过敏原以及芒果/菠萝/苹果/桃/草莓等食入性过敏原为主;学龄期组霉菌过敏原构成比高于学龄前组,其芒果/菠萝/苹果/桃/草莓过敏原构成比低于后者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:AD患者血清总IgE及sIgE阳性率均较高且无年龄差异,学龄前患者过敏原以食入性为主,学龄期儿童以吸入性为主,据此实施食物回避与防护措施有望降低人群AD发生率.
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