一种基于转发区域的三维地理位置路由协议

摘要

In the actual application environment of wireless sensor networks(WSNs),the sensor nodes are located in three?dimensional space. Therefore,the conical forwarding region?based 3D geographical(CFRG)routing protocol is proposed. In or?der to decrease the redundant data packets and reduce the collision probability of data packets,the conical forwarding region is constructed for the restriction of the forwarding node numbers. The forwarding probabilities of the nodes in the conical forwarding region are estimated to select the node forwarding data packet with the maximum forwarding probability. When the node experi?ences a void node problem(VNP),the volume of the conical forwarding region is adjusted adaptively for enlarging the space of forwarding node selection to solve the VNP. The simulation results show that the proposed protocol can resolve the VNP,and re?duce the end?to?end transmission delay and data packet loss ratio in comparison with the similar 3D routing protocols.%在真实的无线传感网络(WSNs)应用环境中,传感节点位于三维空间.为此,提出基于锥形转发区域的三维地理位置路由协议.为了减少冗余数据包数、降低数据包碰撞概率,CFRG协议先建立锥形转发区域,其目的在于限制转发节点数.然后,再估计锥形转发区域内节点的转发概率,最终选择具有最大转发概率的节点转发数据包.当节点遭遇空洞节点问题,就自适应地调整锥形转发区域体积,扩大选择转发节点的空间,即通过锥形转发区域调整,解决VNP问题.仿真结果表明,提出的CFRG协议能够处理VNP问题.与同类的三维路由协议相比,CFRG协议能够提升端到端传输时延和数据包丢失率两方面性能.