高超声速气动热化学非平衡效应数值分析研究

摘要

通过数值分析研究了化学非平衡效应对气动加热问题的影响.分别以量热完全气体、单组分热完全气体和5组分化学非平衡气体为气体模型,计算了圆柱钝头的绕流流场和壁面热流密度分布,比较并分析了高温化学非平衡效应对流场特性,尤其是气动加热特性的影响.结果分析表明,高温化学非平衡效应可使激波层变薄,激波层内温度大幅下降,从而会严重影响气动热环境特性,是影响高超声速飞行器热防护设计的重要因素.%The study of chemical non equilibrium effect on hypersonic aero heating properties is carried out with a numerical method. The flow field around a cylinder and its wall heat flux distribution are calculated by considering three gas models, namely, calorically perfect gas, single specie thermally perfect gas and five species thermally perfect gas with chemical reactions respectively. The comparison and analysis of high temperature chemical non equilibrium effect on properties of flow field, especially aero heating environment is perfectly done. These results show that high temperature chemical non equilibrium effect can make the shock layer thinner and temperature in shock layer diminished dramatically, which has impact on aero heating environment, thus becoming an important factor for thermal protection design of hypersonic vehicles.