护士工作压力源与心理健康状况的调查分析与对策

摘要

目的 了解护士的工作压力源与心理健康状况,分析护士的工作压力与心理健康状况之间相关性.方法 采用一般健康问卷(goldberg's 12-item general health questionnaire,GHQ-12)及护士工作压力源最表,对190名护士的心理健康状况与工作压力源进行调查,并对两者之间的关系进行相关分析.结果 护士心理健康状况不佳检出率为42.1%,其中抑郁、精神紧张、焦虑而失眠者发生率较高,分别为64.2%、56.8%和55.8%.临床护士工作压力源从高到低依次为工作环境及资源方面的问题、工作量及时间分配问题、护士专业及工作方面的问题、病人护理方面的问题、管理及人际关系方面的问题.Pearson相关分析表明,护士工作压力与心理健康状况关系密切.结论 护士的心理健康状况不容忽视,应加强护士的心理健康保健,改善工作环境,提高福利,从工作量及工作时间分配方面减少护士工作压力,促进其身心健康.%Objective To leam the pressure sources of nursing work and mental health in nurses, and to analyze the correlation between nurses' working pressure and their mental health.Methods GHQ-12 (Coldberg's 12-item general health questionnaire) and a nursing work pressure sources scale were used to investigate 120 nurses on their mental health and their working pressure sources.The correlation betweeri mental health and the working pressure sources was analyzed.Results The detection rate of poor mental health was 42.1 ％, and the incidence rates of depression, mental stress or anxiety and insomnia were 64.2％.56.8％ and 55.8%, respectively.The nursing work pressure sources included working environment and resources, working load and time allocation, nursing profession, patients' care, and interpersonal relationship.Pearson correlation analysia showed that there was a cloae correlation between nurses' mental health and their working pressure sources.Conclusion Nursest mental health should not be neglected.Neuses' mental health should be protected, and it can be improved by reducing their working presaure in aspects of working environment, welfare , working load and time allocation.