汉江上游安康段明清时期洪涝灾害时间规律分析

摘要

汉江上游安康段是陕西省洪涝灾害多发区，洪涝灾害给当地带来巨大损失。通过对汉江上游安康段明清时期（1368要1912年）洪涝灾害历史资料的整理分析，借助Matlab、Excel软件，研究该区域洪涝灾害的等级、时间规律等特征。结果表明：汉江上游安康段1368要1912年洪涝灾害可分为一级轻度、二级中度、三级重度和四级特大洪涝灾害，且以一级轻度洪涝灾害和二级中度洪涝灾害为主；该区域544年中发生洪涝灾害57次，平均每9.5年发生1次且阶段性特征明显；明清时期该区域洪涝灾害的发生集中于夏秋季节；汉江上游安康段该时期洪涝灾害的发生还有明显周期特征。%Hanjiang River upstream Ankang reaches is flood-prone areas of Shaanxi Province,local flood would bring huge losses. Based on the finish analysis of floods historical data of Hanjiang River upstream Ankang reaches in Ming and Qing Dynasty(1368 to 1912),using Matlab and Excel software,the flood level,time law and other features in the area were researched. The results showed thatflood disaster of Hanjiang River upstream Ankang reaches during 1368 to 1912 can be divided intoFirst level mild,second level moderate,three-level severe and level four severe catastrophic floods;occured floods 57 times in 544 years in this region,occured once with an average of 3.9 years,and with obvious stage characteristics;the occurrence of floods in Ming and Qing Dynasties in the region focused on the summer season;there is a clear cycle characteristics of flood of Hanjiang River upstream Ankang reaches occurred in this period.