小RNA对细菌生物膜形成的调控研究进展

摘要

Small RNAs(sRNAs) play a significant role in the regulation of bacterial growth.When sensing certain environmental cues such as fluctuation of nutrient concentration, temperature, pH, and osmolarity, sRNAs can influence the expression of target genes.The formation of biofilms is initiated by bacteria transitioning from the planktonic to the surface-associated mode of growth, which is a self-produced extracellular matrix composed of proteins, polysaccharides, and DNA.Recent evidences have shown that small RNA plays an important role in the regulation of bacterial biofilm formation.sRNAs have key roles in biofilm formation process by base pairing with target mRNAs or interaction with modulating proteins.This review discussed the regulation mechanism and pathway of sRNAs in bacterial biofilms formation, and summarized three classical regulatory models of sRNAs in bacterial biofilms formation, this review also gives the research status and development direction of sRNAs in bacterial biofilms formation.%小RNA 在细菌的生长过程中发挥重要调控作用,在感受到外界信号,如营养物浓度、温度、pH值和渗透压的改变时,小RNA可通过影响靶标基因的表达以适应环境的变化.细菌由浮游状态向固体附着生长状态的转变过程中自身会产生一种细胞外基质,即生物膜,其主要由蛋白质、多糖和DNA组成.最新研究表明,小RNA在调控细菌生物膜形成的系统中发挥着重要的作用.小RNA通过与靶标mRNA碱基配对或与调节蛋白相互作用,在细菌生物膜形成中发挥调控作用.该文综述了小RNA对细菌生物膜形成的调控机制和途径,阐述了3种经典的小RNA调控细菌生物膜形成的模型,以及小RNA调控对细菌生物膜形成的研究现状和发展方向.