我国钽铌资源的特征及选矿技术

摘要

介绍了我国钽铌资源单一矿床少、共伴生矿床多、矿石品位低、钽铌矿物与其他矿物密切共生、钽铌矿床区域分布高度集中等突出特点.根据钽铌矿物与其他矿物密度的差异,以及钽铌矿物嵌布粒度的粗细等特点,归纳总结了钽铌矿物的回收工艺:对仅钽铌矿物密度大,且钽铌矿物嵌布粒度较粗的矿石,通常采用以重选为主的分选工艺;对有多种矿物密度大,且钽铌矿物嵌布粒度较粗的矿石,多采用重选与磁选、电选等相结合的分选工艺;对有多种矿物密度大,且钽铌矿物嵌布粒度较细的矿石,多采用以浮选为主的分选工艺.%The paper introduces such prominent features of Chinese tantalum and niobium resources as less singular deposits,more associated deposits,low ore grade,closely associated with other minerals,highly concentrated regional distribution of tantalum and niobium deposits and so on.According to the difference of the density between tantalum and niobium minerals and other minerals as well as the dissemination size of ores,the recovery process of tantalum and niobium minerals are summarized.For ores with high density in tantalum and niobium minerals and a coarse-grained dissemination level,the gravity separation as the main way is generally accepted.For ores with high density in various minerals and a coarse-grained dissemination level of tantalum and niobium minerals,a joint process of gravity separation,magnetic separation and electric separation is mostly adopted.For ores with high density in various minerals and fine dissemination of tantalum and niobium minerals,the flotation process is given the priority.