目的:比较空巢与非空巢的离退休老人抑郁症状发生情况、具体表现及其影响因素,为提高离退休老人生活质量提供参考依据.方法:采用老年抑郁量表简表及自编问卷对武汉市某大学医学院314名离退休老人进行问卷调查.结果:空巢偶居老人、空巢独居老人的抑郁症状发生率分别为16.1％、25.0％.卡方检验显示空巢偶居老人、空巢独居老人、非空巢老人的抑郁症状发生率不同,且差异具有统计学意义.Logistic回归分析显示影响空巢老人抑郁症状的因素是自尊、社会支持、孤独感；而对于非空巢老人,影响因素则是人际关系、婚姻家庭满意情况、孤独感.结论:空巢老人与非空巢老人抑郁症状发生率及影响因素不尽相同,空巢独居老人的抑郁状况严重,应更多地关注独居老人的身心健康.%Objective: To compare the geriatric depressive symptoms and its impact factors between retired people with children absent and those living with children; to provide evidences for the policy for improving elders' quality of life. Methods: Three hundred and fourteen retired old people in a famous medical college of Wuhan were investigated with GDS-15 and the general questionnaire. Results: The rates of geriatric depressive symptoms among spouse-coinhabiting and elderly solitaries were 16.1% and 25.0%,respectively.The result of chi-square analysis showed that the rates of such depressive symptoms were different among solitary elderly, old people living with spouse or children. In addition, we discovered that the influencing factors of depressive symptoms of old people living with children were self-esteem, social support and loneliness; while the factors of those with children absent were interpersonal relationship, marriage and family and loneliness by using logistic regression analysis. Conclusion: The rate of geriatric depressive symptom and its impact factors were different between retired people living with or without children. The solitary elderly had serious depressive symptoms and needed more attention from the society.
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