性别与免疫功能关系的研究进展

摘要

性别导致免疫功能的差异主要归结于激素水平和染色体两方面。不同种类和浓度的性激素对免疫功能的作用也存在着差异。体内性激素的差异能够影响疾病的易患性、治疗和预后。低浓度的雌激素能增强免疫功能，而雄激素和高浓度的雌激素均能抑制免疫功能。同时，性染色体上也存在着大量与免疫功能相关的基因，且性染色体上基因的突变和染色体数目的异常均会通过免疫功能的改变导致疾病的发生。该文就性别与免疫功能关系的研究进展予以综述。%Gender dimorphism in immunology has been attributed to two main influences:sex hormone levels and chromosomes.The influences of different types and concentrations of sex hormones on the immune function are also different.Sex hormone differences can affect susceptibility,treatment and prognosis of disea-ses.Low concentrations of estrogen can enhance immune functions,however,androgens and high concentra-tions of estrogens both suppress immune function.At the same time,there are a lot of immune-related genes on the sex chromosomes and that gene mutations and abnormal numbers of chromosomes will cause disease by altering immune function .Here is to make a review of research progress in the relationship between the immune function and gender dimorphism .