肿瘤患者放化疗的心理问题及护理干预

摘要

目的 探讨肿瘤患者在放化疗过程中的负性情绪状况及影响因素,旨在能有针对性地对放化疗肿瘤患者实施心理支持及有效护理干预,促进患者身心康复.方法 对82例住院行放化疗的恶性肿瘤患者应用抑郁自评量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)和自行设计的影响因素调查表,进行抑郁、焦虑状况调查和分析.结果 放化疗肿瘤患者SDS、SAS标准分显著高于常模(P＜0.001)；影响放化疗肿瘤患者负性情绪的原因较多,但以担心医疗费用、家庭因素影响、生活自理能力下降、治疗不良反应、担心治疗效果及预后和害怕疼痛(86.6％,82.9％,75.6％,68.3％,65.8％和63.4％)最为显著.结论 肿瘤患者放化疗负性情绪的发生是较严重的,临床治疗中配合针对性的心理支持及有效护理干预,对促进放化疗肿瘤患者身心康复具有重要意义.%Objective To analyze the negative emotional status and its influential factors in tumor patients with chemoradiotherapy,so as to provide them with special psychological support and effective nursing care and promote their recovery in both body and mind.Methods We selected 82 malignant tumor inpatients with chemoradiotherapy.All the selected patients filled three kinds of scales which were self-rating depression scale (SDS),self-rating anxiety scale(SAS) and our self-designed influential factor scale.Then we analyzed the patients' depression and anxiety status and their influential factors.Results The standard scores of SDS and SAS in tumor patients with chemoradiotherapy were significantly higher than norm (P＜0.001).The influential factors of negative emotional status in those patients were multiple with worrying about medical fees,household factors,decreasing of self-care ability,adverse reactions of treatment,worrying about the therapeutic effect and prognosis and fearing of pain (86.6％,82.9％,75.6％,68.3％,65.8％and 63.4％) were the most important ones.Conclusion The development of negative emotions in tumor patients with chemoradiotherapy is fairly serious.The combination of specific psychological support and effective nursing intervention and clinical treatment are very significant for the recovery of body and mind in tumor patients with chemoradiotherapy.