香菇和平菇中几种重金属的质量分数及其健康风险评估

摘要

Objective:To detect the mass fraction of As,Cd,Hg in Lentius edodes and Pleurotus ostreatus,analyze the exposure dose of those heavy metal in crowd and give an assessment of environmental and human health risk on the results of experiments.Method:The concentration of As, Cd,Hg were detected by atomic absorption spectrum and atomic fluorescence.Result:The heavy metal concentrations were(0.152±0.08)mg/kg for As,(0.308±0.07)mg/kg for Cd and(0.112±0.05)mg/kg for Hg in Lentius edodes;(0.48±0.08)mg/kg for As,(0.306±0.06)mg/kg for Cd and(0.113±0.08)mg/kg for Hg in Pleurotus ostreatus.According to the result,for the residents in our city,the average exposure of As,Cd,Hg from Lentius edodes were 0.96μg/kg,0.46μg/kg,1.59μg/kg,from Pleurotus ostreatus were 0.98μg/kg,0.48μg/kg,1.62μg/kg.There were statistically significant between city residents’ heavy metals exposure levels and national executive ADI value in mushroom,dried mushroom(P<0.01). Conclusion:The concentration of As,Cd,Hg from Lentius edodes and Pleurotus ostreatus do not excert any negative effects on the health of the residents in our city.%目的：检测平菇和香菇中砷（As）、镉（Cd）、汞（Hg）在几种重金属的质量分数，分析这三种重金属在本市人群中的暴露量，并对实验室结果给予健康风险评估。方法：采用原子荧光分光光度法对平菇和香菇中砷（As）、镉（Cd）、汞（Hg）三种重金属元素的质量分数进行测定。结果：本次试验检测结果显示：平菇中砷（As）、镉（Cd）、汞（Hg）的质量分数分别为（0.152±0.08）mg/kg，（0.308±0.07） mg/kg和（0.112±0.05）mg/kg；平菇中为（0.48±0.08）mg/kg，（0.306±0.06）mg/kg和（0.113±0.08）mg/kg。本次试验结果显示：测算出本市居民香菇砷（As）、镉（Cd）、汞（Hg）的暴露量为0.96μg/kg、0.46μg/kg、1.59μg/kg，平菇中砷（As）、镉（Cd）、汞（Hg）的暴露量为0.98μg/kg、0.48μg/kg、1.62μg/kg。本市居民平菇、香菇中重金属元素的暴露量均明显低于国家执行ADI值，比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。结论：香菇、平菇的砷（As）、镉（Cd）、汞（Hg）的质量分数对本市市民的身体健康不产生威胁。