目的：通过对殷行社区2424名中小学生进行中医体质辨识调查，分析不同性别、年龄学生体质类型的特征，为中医体质辨证在儿童疾病防治、中医保健等方面提供流行病学调查数据支持。方法根据中华中医医学会《中医体质分类与判断表》，采用调查问卷方法实施中医体质辨识。结果平和质占调查总数的49.88%，偏颇体质占50.12%，其中阴虚质、特禀质最多。从不同性别来看，小学组男性特禀质多于女性；中学组男性痰湿质多于女性，而女性阳虚质、气虚质较男性常见。从不同年龄段来看，平和质随年龄增大而减少，阳虚质、气虚质、气郁质、痰湿质、湿热质、血瘀质6种偏颇体质比例随年龄增大而增加。结论通过本次对中小学生中医体质辨识流行病学调查，男女体质构成比有一定差异，而儿童的体质状况受饮食、环境等后天因素的影响正逐渐变差，建立个性化的健康管理势在必行。%Objective To analyze the characters of students of different sex and ages through TCM physical identification of 2424 students in the Yinhang Community, which provided the epidemiological data for supporting and application of theory in children primary care and prevention health. Methods According to Traditional Chinese Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association "Classification And Judgment of Constitutions in Chinese Medicine",questionnaires were conducted to make constitution analyses. Results All the students, gentleness type accounted for 49.88%, and eight pathological constitution 50.12%. Yin deficiency and special constitution were the major types. From the view of different gender, the special constitution of male was much than women in primary school; Phlegm and dampness Constitution of male was much than women, Yang deficiency and Qi deficiency were less in Middle school. From the view of different age, gentleness type decreased with increasing age, and six Constitution of Yang deficiency、Qi deficiency、Qi depression、Phlegm and dampness、dampness and heat、blood stasis Increased with increasing age. Conclusion Through the epidemiological investigation on TCM physical identification of students from Yinhang community, the constituent ratio was certain differences between male and female physique. and the Children's Constitution was influenced by diet, environmental and some factors acquired gradually after birth. They were getting worse. So we should establish health management of personality.
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