盒式应变天平优化设计与有限元分析

摘要

In this paper, orthogonal optimization algorithm and genetic algorithm optimization together with singleobjective and multi-objective optimization is applied to design the geometric parameters of measuring elements of a cassette strain-gauge balance for NF-3 wind tunnel located at Northwestern Polytechnical University. On the base of applying the original mechanics and the ABAQUS software to the optimized balance and comparing it with un-optimized situation, it is found that at the output strain meeting requirement of engineering the axial stiffness of the optimized balance increases by 30% - 50%, and the time costing in genetic algorithm optimization decreases about 40 times than that by using the orthogonal optimization algorithm. So the drawn result shows that the finite element computed result fit in with the cassette strain-gauge balance design, and the method of genetic algorithm optimization cost short calculating time.%分别运用正交优化算法和遗传算法，对NF-3低速风洞一台现有盒式应变天平测量元件进行单目标和多目标优化设计。在材料力学和ABAQUS有限元分析的基础上，通过对其优化前后受力情况的比较分析，优化后的天平在输出应变满足工程需要条件下，轴向刚度提高30％-50％，遗传算法比正交优化的计算机用时减少大约40倍，从而得到了多目标遗传算法计算耗时少，天平的输出应变和刚度匹配合理，更适用于盒式应变天平优化设计的结论。