不同类型多孔结构生物材料支架制备及其性能优化

摘要

多孔支架是组织工程应用中的关键环节，类似细胞外基质的作用，支撑细胞的粘附和随后细胞向组织的衍化。虽然目前已采用多种制备技术研发出大量的多孔支架，但是多孔生物材料支架的制备和性能优化，仍然是组织工程支架领域的研究热点。结合实验室工作，综述了多种制备不同类型多孔结构生物材料支架的制备技术，主要包括颗粒和纤维堆积型支架、泡沫浸渍法支架和颗粒制孔支架等的制备技术，并阐述了这些制备技术对多孔结构支架的孔结构、贯通性和力学性能的改善效果。其目的旨在提供满足组织工程需求的多孔生物材料支架。%The porous scaffold is a key factor in the application of tissue engineering. Porous scaffolds which play the role of extracellular matrix similarly provide space for cell adhesion and the subsequent derivation of cells to organization. At present, although a large number of porous scaffolds have been fabricated by various preparation technologies, prepara- tion technologies and performance optimizations of porous biomaterials scaffolds is still a hot topic in the field of tissue en- gineering. Combined with the work in our laboratory, this paper reviewed a variety of preparation technologies （ including particle accumulation method, fiber accumulation method, foam immersion method, particle leaching method, etc. ） of biomaterials scaffolds with various types of porous structure and illustrated the effect on pore structure, connectivity and mechanical property, etc. The aim is to provide a porous biomaterials scaffold to satisfy the need of tissue engineering.