隧道储罐泄漏气流扩散特征的可视化模拟算法研究

摘要

Based on Fluent software,a physical and mathematical model of airflow diffusion was established for the proliferation of leakage when the vehicle was traveling in the tunnel and carry-ing dangerous goods (e.g.,natural gas).By using the theories of accidental leakage dynamics and fluid dynamics,the propagation characteristics of the leakage airflow have been investigated. Reynolds time-averaged equations and standard k-equation were adopted in this paper and SIM-PLEC algorithm was used to solve the N-S equation.The component transport was used to solve the problem of multi-component fluid diffusion.By using transient model,the airflow diffusion phenomena were simulated at different leakage time in the actual situation.The diffusion of leaked natural gas was simulated at different locations with or without obstacles,and the influ-ence of inlet gas velocity was considered as wel .Based on the simulation results,some refer-ence data could be provided to minimize the loss and take effective rescue measures in a real leakage accident of dangerous goods in the tunnel.%针对隧道内运输危险品（天然气）车辆在行驶过程中发生小孔泄漏导致天然气扩散的情况，基于事故性泄漏动力学、流体动力学理论对泄漏气流的传播特性进行了分析，建立了基于Fluent的天然气扩散物理数学模型。模型采用基于雷诺时均方程和及标准k-ε方程的湍流模拟，用SIMPLEC算法对N-S方程进行求解，并采用组分输运来解决多组分流体的扩散问题。仿真采用瞬态计算，模拟气流在不同的泄漏时间内的扩散现象，同时考虑实际情况分别模拟了扩散场地有障碍物与无障碍物的天然气泄漏扩散情况以及隧道进风口风速大小对于气流扩散的影响，为隧道内车辆运输危险品泄漏事故的抢救及最大限度地减少损失提供了参考。