基于减小表面粗糙度的铝合金薄壁件切削参数优化

摘要

Abstrca t: Taking an aluminum alloy thin-walled workpiece as the research object, its surface roughness was improved by optimi-zing the three cutting parameters,i .e.cutting depth, feed rate and cutting speed.Aiming at the semifinishing and finishing stages , 16 groups and 25 groups turning experiments were designed according to the empirical parameters, and corresponding surface roughness were measured.Relationship between surface roughness and the three cutting parameters were established, and the optimum cutting pa-rameters which could minimize the surface roughness were solved.Using the optimized cutting parameters, defect rate and reject rate of the thin-walled workpiece were decreased from 16.03%and 14.23%to 11.25%and 7.5%respectively.The results show that the opti-mized cutting parameters improve qualified rate of the thin-walled workpiece significantly.%以某铝合金薄壁件为对象，研究通过优化切削用量三要素（切削深度、进给量、切削速度）提高表面粗糙度的方法。针对薄壁件的半精加工和精加工阶段，根据经验切削参数分别设计了16组和25组车削试验，并测量了与之对应的薄壁件表面粗糙度。根据试验结果，建立了表面粗糙度与切削用量三要素之间的关系，并求解出使表面粗糙度最小的切削参数。使用优化后的参数进行车削加工，缺陷率和废品率分别由16.03％和14.23％降至11.25％和7.5％，优化后的切削参数显著提高了薄壁件的合格率。