高速立式加工中心主轴箱热态分析

摘要

高速立式加工中心在加工过程中产生的热效应对机床加工精度的影响日益凸显.XH714B高速立式加工中心在高速加工过程中会出现主轴轴线热偏转现象,机床行业俗称为“闷头”,影响了机械加工表面的完整性,降低了粗糙度.主轴箱作为加工中心的重要热源,为了解决立式加工中心出现“闷头”现象的主要原因,对主轴箱的热态分析就显得尤为重要,采用有限元方法建立了XH714B高速立式加工中心主轴箱热态特性分析模型,分析计算了主轴箱在额定转速下的稳态热特性.与传统观点“滚动轴承为主轴主要热源”不同,提出主轴电动机的热损耗是导致机床主轴轴线在y-z平面内发生偏转的主要原因.%The vertical machining center's thermal effect caused by the machining process has more and more impact on the machining accuracy of machine tools than ever before. This paper takes XH714B the high speed precision vertical machining center as the study object to research on the deflection of its main spindle axis occurring during the machining process. As headstock is the important heat source of vertical machining center, it is important to analyze the headstock to get the main reason for the deflection of main spin dle axis. The finite element method is employed (ANSYS soft package is chosen) to develop a thermal model for the headstock of high speed vertical machining center. Its thermal characteristics are analyzed under the rated rotational speed. The thermal deformation re veal that the power losses of the spindle motor is the main reason for the spindle axis deflection in Y-Z plane, which is different from the traditional view.