多孔质气体静压轴承相比传统的小孔节流轴承具有更高的承载能力,更好的稳定性及便于加工等优点.应用基于有限体积法的软件Fluent分析偏心率、多孔质材料渗透率、轴承长径比和平均气膜厚度等关键因素对多孔质径向轴承静态性能的影响,分析结果显示,在给定轴承平均气膜厚度的情况下,存在最佳的渗透率区间使得承载能力最大,增加轴承长径比和减小平均气膜厚度均可以提高多孔质径向轴承的承载能力及刚度,但需要根据加工装配工艺要求及实际工况选择合适的参数.设计制造中心供气新形式的多孔质径向轴承,通过仿真得到气膜间隙的压力分布及承载能力,并通过实验验证仿真结果的正确性.仿真和实验结果表明,该结构形式的多孔质径向轴承承载性能优良.%Compared with conventional orifice air bearing,porous aerostatic bearings possess many advantages such as higher load capacity,better stability and manufacturing convenience.The effect of the key factors such as eccentricity,porous material permeability,bearing aspect ratio and average film thickness on the static performance of porous aerostatic bearings were analyzed with the commercial software Fluent which was based on finite volume method.The analysis results show that,there is an optimum permeability interval which can make the load capacity maximum under a certain average film thickness.The load capacity and stiffness of the porous air journal bearing can be improved by increasing the bearing aspect ratio and reducing the average film thickness.However,the parameters need to be carefully chosen by taking the requirements of manufacture,assembly and working condition into consideration.New form of centrally air supply porous journal bearing was designed and fabricated,the pressure distribution of gas film was obtained and load capacity was calculated.The validity of simulation results was verified by static performance experiment.The results of simulation and experiment indicate that the porous journal bearing with this structttral form has excellent performance.
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