新生儿重症监护病房中新生儿细菌定植及其相关因素

摘要

Objective To analyze the condition of bacterial colonization and investgate the relationship between bacterial colonization and perinatal factors. Methods:215 neonates were enrolled in our study from Aug. 2014 to Nov. 2015. Bacterial colonization was examined with the method of swabs and sputum culture on immediately at hospital admission and then once a week. Results: 237 bacterial strains were separated from 215 newborn infants, the rate of bacterial colonization was 42.3%, of the strains,40.5% were normal strains. 146 bacterial strains were separated after hospitalization. 33 were pathogenic strains, 72.7% were Gram-negative organisms. The most common colonized organisms in NICU were Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniaess. Bacterial colonization was associated with premature rupture of membranes (P<0.01). Conclusions:Obtaining the message of individual bacterial colonization in NICU will be contributive to judge early the situation of bacterial colonization.It will play a very important role to take preventive measures and control bacterial colonization.%目的：探讨新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）中新生儿的细菌定植情况及其与各围生因素的关系。方法：以2014年8月至2015年11月在本院 NICU 收治的新生儿215例为研究对象，于入院时和入院后1周做咽拭子定植菌监测及痰培养。结果：215例新生儿共培养出237株定植菌。入院当天即有细菌定植者91例，定植率42．3％，40．5％为正常菌群，入院后发生细菌定植者146例；致病菌33例，以革兰阴性杆菌为主（72．7％），定植菌主要为大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌。细菌定植与胎膜早破有相关性（P＜0．05）。结论：对 NICU 住院的新生儿进行细菌学监测，有助于早期判断细菌定植情况，对采取预防保护措施、控制细菌定植有重要作用。