分子马达KIF1A的研究进展

摘要

Kinesin family member 1A (KIF1A) is a plus-end kinesin-3 family motor protein that moves along microtubule filaments and is powered by the energy derived from ATP hydrolysis.It is an important transporter of synaptic vesicle precursors along microtubule bundles to the axon terminal.Mutations in the motor domain of KIF1A may cause a variety of nerve-related diseases and defects.Here,the recent research advances of KIF1A related life processes and diseases are summarized and the key intermediate structures of KIF1A ATPase reaction cycle are presented.Based on this structural information,the movement form,the mechanism of nucleotide exchange and the movement mechanism of KIF1A are described.In addition,some open questions and future prospect of KIF1A research are also discussed to offer new sights for KIF1A related research.%驱动蛋白家族成员1A (kinesin family member 1A,KIF1A)属于向微管正向端移动的驱动蛋白第三家族,它能够利用三磷酸腺苷(adenosine triphosphate,ATP)水解释放的能量实现沿微管定向运动.KIF1A是轴突末端的突触囊泡体沿微管输运的重要载体,其马达结构域的突变将导致多种与神经有关的疾病和缺陷.文中主要综述了近年来KIF1A有关的生命过程和疾病的研究进展,介绍了KIF1A催化ATP水解反应的各中间态结构,同时基于这些结构信息,阐述了KIF1A的运动形式、核苷酸轮换机制和运动机理,并对今后的研究前景进行了展望,旨为KIF1A相关研究提供思路.