在数据密集型科研环境下, 数据特别是存在巨大价值的科学数据成为了社会发展的重要战略资源和科学研究的主要对象,对科学数据的保存、共享与利用引起了社会的共同关注. 数据期刊作为一种新型的出版物在一定程度上解决了人们所关注的数据发布、分享与再利用问题,但也对图书馆、读者作者、出版界等利益相关者带来了机遇与挑战. 文章首先对数据论文、数据期刊、数据出版等相关概念和数据期刊的出版模式、学术引用、数据控制等进行了概述,主要对数据出版带给图书馆影响与挑战进行了分析,认为数据期刊进一步冲击了图书馆社会知识交流中心地位、丰富了图书馆馆藏资源建设、为图书馆利用数据期刊资源带来风险、为图书馆的数据期刊知识组织与资源整合带来障碍.%Data, especially, the scientific data with great values are important strategic resources and the retention, sharing, and utilization of data have aroused social attention. As a new form of publications, data journals have solved the problems of data publication, sharing, and reuses, but it brings opportunities and challenges to library, writers and readers, and publishing industry. After a brief description of the concepts of data paper, data journal, and data publishing, and the publishing form of data journals, citation and data control, analysis is made about the influences and challenges of data publishing on library and it is concluded that data publishing enriches the resources of library, challenges library's status as the center of knowledge exchange, brings risks the use of data journals and obstacles to the organization and integration of resource in library.
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