数字技术改变了风景园林师的思维方式，借助计算机将数学方法应用于风景园林规划设计实践是未来的发展趋势之一。通过分析数学方法的基本原理及其在风景园林研究中的应用实践发现，统计分析法如：时间序列分析、相关分析、回归分析、聚类分析、主成分分析等方法适用于处理各种随机现象、随机过程，进而揭示风景园林的一般规律。而对于景观空间特征的分析，常用景观指数来分析景观要素的分布形态和特征，或借助空间分析模型如地统计学分析、分形理论、小波分析等来揭示景观尺度特征；层次分析法、模糊数学法和灰色关联度分析在景观综合评价中应用广泛；对于景观过程模拟比较常见的2种方法是人工神经网络法和元胞自动机模型；遗传算法在景观格局优化中得到了初步运用。但目前，风景园林学中数学方法的应用还局限于用理想化模型验证方法本身的可行性和准确性研究，应用的领域也局限于风景园林中社会经济现象的统计学分析及区域景观格局研究为主，还需进一步增强应用的深度和广度。%Digital technology has changed landscape architects’ thinking pattern. It is one of the tendencies to apply the mathematic methods to the practice of landscape architecture planning and design based on computer. Through reviewing the mathematic method principles and its application of on landscape architecture, the authors found that statistical analysis methods such as time series analysis, correlation analysis, regression analysis, cluster analysis and principal component analysis are used in dealing with many random phenomenon and process to reveal the general rule of landscape architecture. As for landscape spatial characteristic, landscape index are often used to analyze the distribution pattern and features of landscape elements. Spatial analysis models such as geostatistical analysis, fractal theory and wavelet analysis are also used to reveal the landscape scale characteristics. Analytic hierarchy process, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and grey relational analysis are widely used in the landscape comprehensive evaluation. Artificial neural networks and cellular automata are used to simulate the landscape process. Genetic algorithm has been preliminary used to optimize the landscape pattern. However, mathematic methods application in landscape architecture is limited in the statistical analysis of landscape architecture’s socioeconomic phenomenon and the regional landscape pattern research, which should be popularized and applied in the future.
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