Objective To investigate the distribution of human platelet antigen (HPA) 1-17 and Caba gene in Yancheng Han population ,and to build a fixed HPA database of apheresis platelet donor in the local area .Methods A total of 200 blood samples ,collected from platelet donors of Han population in Yancheng ,were genotyped by poly‐merase chain reaction with sequence specific primers(PCR‐SSP) .Theχ2 test was used to compare the expected value and observed value of genotype distribution in HPA blood group system .The genotype distribution whether matching Hardy‐Weinberg genetic equilibrium was verified ,and data were compared with those in other areas .Results The gene frequencies of HPA‐1a ,2a ,3a ,4a ,5a ,6a and 15a were 0 .995 0 ,0 .937 5 ,0 .572 5 ,0 .992 5 ,0 .985 0 ,0 .987 5 , 0 .542 5 respectively in 200 platelet donors of Han population in Yancheng ,and presented polymorphism distribution . HPA 7-14 ,16-17 and Caba presented a single linear distribution .The incidence of platelet transfusion refractorines in HPA 2-3 ,15 was higher than 10% .Conclusion This study could verify the characteristics of the distribution of HPA gene in Han population of Yancheng .To establish the local HPA genotype database of platelet donors in Yancheng could provide probability for HPA‐matched platelets infusion .%目的：研究盐城地区汉族人群血小板特异性抗原人类血小板同种抗原1～17（HPA1～17），Caba的基因分布，建立本地区固定机采血小板供者 HPA数据库。方法应用序列特异性引物聚合酶链式反应（PCR‐SSP）技术，对盐城市中心血站200名汉族固定血小板献血者的血液进行HPA1～17，Caba基因分型。用χ2检验统计分析各 HPA血型系统基因分布的期望值与观察值，验证其是否符合 Hardy‐Weinberg平衡定律，并与国内外人群相比较。结果盐城地区200名汉族血小板献血者的HPA‐1a、2a、3a、4a、5a、6a、15a的基因频率分别为0．9950、0．9375、0．5725、0．9925、0．9850、0．9875、0．5425，呈多态性分布，HPA7～14、16～17及Caba呈单线性分布；不配合率大于10％的HPA系统有HPA‐2～3、15。结论本研究已确认盐城地区200名固定血小板供者 HPA基因分布特征，与国内其他地区、其他国家相比有本地区人群特点；在此基础上建立本地区已知 H PA基因型固定机采血小板供者数据库，为临床血小板HPA血型配合性输注提供可能。
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