通过观测尾叶紫薇Lagerstroemia caudate花朵的开放过程,并采用离体萌发法测定花粉生活力,研究了尾叶紫薇的开花习性、花粉萌发及储藏条件.结果表明:凌晨3:30尾叶紫薇花萼开裂；6:00花瓣全部展平；6:30花药开始开裂,柱头上开始分泌黏液,进行杂交育种时须于6:30前去雄；6:30-7:30是授粉的最佳时间.采用正交试验方法比较蔗糖、聚乙二醇4000 (PEG 4000)、硼酸和氯化钙对尾叶紫薇花粉的离体萌发率的影响.结果表明:最佳离体培养基为100 mg· L-1蔗糖+30 mg· L-1硼酸+30 mg· L-1氯化钙+150 g·L-1 PEG 4000,花粉萌发率可达96.28％.尾叶紫薇花粉在自然条件下储藏2d后生活力急剧下降,6d后花粉完全失活,4℃是花粉储藏的最佳温度,保存9d仍能保持30％的萌发率,在散粉后30 d失活.%In order to study the flowering habit and the conditions for pollen germination and storage of Lager-stroemia caudate, the processes of flower opening and pollen viability of Lagerstroemia caudate were observed over a 30 d period. Pollen germination was also tested using orthogonal test of PEG 4000, boric acid, CaCl2, and sucrose. Results showed that at 3:30 sepals of L. caudate started to diverge, at 6:00 petals flattened up, at 6:30 the anther diverged, and at 06:30 the stigma secreted a large amount of mucus. The highest rate of in vitro pollen germination which could reach 96.28% was with sucrose (100 g·L-1) + boric acid (30 mg·L-1) + CaCl2 (30 mg·L-1) + PEG 4000 (150 g·L-1). Pollen germination in the indoor natural environment decreased sharply from 87% to 65% in 2 d with the pollen losing vigor in 6 d. The best preservation temperature for dry pollen was 4℃, in which temperature the dry pollen viability could keep 30%, with dry pollen losing its vigor in 30 d. Thus, as a basis for breeding, if L. caudate was used as a female parent in hybridization, the stamens must be removed before 6:30, and the best pollination time would be at 7:30. [Ch, 2 fig. 2 tab. 15 ref.]
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