不同工艺提取的杉木精油组分含量研究

摘要

Essential oils from Chinese fir were extracted by atmospheric distillation, vacuum distillation, hydro-distillation and dry distillation, and determined by GC/MS. The results showed that essential oils extracted by different methods had evident fragrance of Chinese fir. 26 compounds were identified from essential oil extracted by atmospheric, accounting for 90.44% of the total oils. 6 compounds were identified from that by vacuum distillation, accounting for 90.14% of total oils. 47 compounds were identified from that by hydro-distillation, accounting for 96.71% of total oils. 37 kinds of compounds were identified from that by dry distillation, accounting for 99.21% of total oils.%采用常压水中蒸馏、减压水中蒸馏、直接蒸汽蒸馏和干馏等方法分别提取杉木精油，用 GC/MS 进行组分含量测定。结果表明：提取的4种杉木精油均具有明显的杉木香气；常压水中蒸馏提取的杉木精油主要组分为高沸点的柏木醇，鉴定出26种化合物，占精油总量的90.44%；减压蒸馏提取的杉木精油大部分为酯类、酸类和醇类，鉴定出6种化合物，占精油总量的90.14%；直接蒸汽蒸的杉木精油主要含有柏木醇、α-柏木烯及多种萜烯类物质，鉴定出47个化合物，占精油总量的96.71%；干馏法提取的杉木精油主要含有高沸点结晶状的柏木脑和低沸点的α-柏木烯等烯烃类，鉴定出37种化合物，占精油总量的99.21%。