论杜牧七言绝句的刚柔之美

摘要

唐朝大诗人杜牧七绝之成就，前人多有论述。有的给予了较为诚恳的评价；有的认为他的七绝某些虽发语新奇，但多直达，没有很大的成就；有的虽从艺术上对他的七绝进行了肯定，但却认为气格不高；有的认为其写景抒情之作大多创造了优美的意境，然颇多柔弱之风。特别是对其描写艳情的作品，则几乎是否定的态度。然而，有些看法是有失偏颇的。实际上，杜牧七言绝句往往具有刚柔相济的特色：刚而不流于枯直，柔而不失于绮靡。这与杜牧的出身经历、理想和信念等方面是绝然分不开的。%The great Tang Dynasty poet Du Mu＇s achievements about seven-character quatrains are discussed more than their predecessors. Some give a more honest evaluation; Some believe that although the language of some of the seven-character quatrain is novel, but more directly, don＇t get very big achievement; Although some of their art from the seven-character quatrain are positive, but lack of temperament; Some believe that most of the portrait of lyrical beauty is create, but to feminine. Especially its description of erotic works is almost a negative attitude. However, much view is biased. In fact, Du Mu＇s seven-character quatrains often have the characteristics of masculine and feminine： masculine without being dry straight, feminine without being profusion. This background experience with Du Mu, ideals and beliefs and other aspects are radically inseparable.