微波辐射-ZnCl2活化柚子皮制备活性炭

摘要

以废料柚子皮为原料，ZnCl2为活化剂，采用微波辐射法制备了活性炭.采用正交实验研究了活化剂浓度、微波功率和活化时间对活性炭得率和吸附性能的影响.同时采用美国ASAP-2020吸附仪测定了所制备活性炭的N2吸附脱附等温线和孔径分布，采用红外光谱分析了样品的表面官能团，采用扫描电镜观察了样品的表面形貌.结果表明：ZnCl2质量浓度为50%，微波功率为850 W，活化时间为8 min工艺条件下制得的活性炭碘吸附值为1024 mg/g；亚甲基蓝吸附值为160 mL/g，产率为34.5%；比表面积为1490 m2/g，总孔容为1.574 cm3/g，平均孔径为4.225 nm.该活性炭为中孔型，比市售活性炭有更加发达的孔隙结构及更多的表面含氧基团，吸附性能优于市售活性炭.%A series of activated carbon was prepared with pummelo peel as feedstock and ZnCl2 as activating agent using microwave radiation procedure. The effects of the concentration of activating agent,microwave power and activation time on the yield and adsorption properties of activated carbon were systematically studied via orthogonal experiments. The nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm and pore size distribution of the activated carbon were analyzed by ASAP-2020, and the function groups on activated carbon were analyzed by FT-IR spectroscopy and the surface morphology of the activated carbon were watched by SEM. The results show that when the mass concentration of ZnCl2 is 50%, microwave power is 850 W and activation time is 8 min, the iodine adsorption value is 1024 mg/g, the methylene blue adsorption value is 160 mL/g, the yield is 34.5%;and the specific surface area is 1490 m2/g, the pore volume is 1.574 cm3/g and the average pore size is 4.225 nm of the activated carbon obtained. The pummelo peel activated carbon possesses predominant mesoporous structures, and its had the better pore structure and oxy function groups and adsorption properties is more than that for the commercially activated carbon.