耐人寻味的沉默与友善--论“文艺自由论辩”中鲁迅对胡秋原的态度及其原因

摘要

In the debate on freedom of literature and art in the 1930’s, LU Xun paid constant attention to and showed criticism on “the third person”, but kept silent to the “free man” HU Qiu-yuan and showed a friendly attitude to him afterwards.The main reasons are as follows:First of all, rationality in HU Qiu-yuan’ s literary view, which leads to similarities between LU Xun and HU Qiu-yuan such as identity of freedom of thought and literary creation.Secondly, dialectical understanding of the social and political functions of literature.Thirdly, the acceptance of Plekhanov's thought of literature and art.The phenomenon of relevance and dislocation on the political attitude and view of literature between LU Xun and HU Qiu-yuan is typical in Chinese modern literature history.The discrepancy from the other main Left Wing theorists represented LU Xun’ s independent thinking and free will.%在1930年代的“文艺自由论辩”中，鲁迅对“第三种人”是持续关注和批判的，而对“自由人”胡秋原则保持沉默，并且在事后显出友善态度，究其原因，主要在于胡秋原的文艺观点、文学评论上具有相当的合理性，在某些重要观点和思想上二人具有相通性：对于思想自由、创作自由的认同，对于文艺的社会政治功能的辩证理解，对于普列汉诺夫文艺思想的接受等等。鲁迅和胡秋原在政治态度和文艺观点的关联与交错现象在中国现代文学史上具有典型性，而鲁迅与左翼主流理论家们对待胡秋原的差异则显示出他卓尔不群的独立思想和自由意志。