真实与虚构的交融--论布莱德伯里《历史人》的叙述技巧

摘要

The beauty of The History Man lies not only in its multi-dimensional theme,but in its unique narrative techniques.The author depicts the disordered content in an intentional-ordered form.Multiple narrative voice,the present tense narration and the third-person perspective eventually push the reader floating on the surface of the language.He can not walk into the characters’thought or find a place for his sympathy.However,the author controls the reader’s moral tendency through atmosphere -creation and image-selection.Skillful narrative techniques widen the gap between the text and the reader,mak-ing the objective reality hiding behind the guise of fiction,and just this blending of reality and fiction pro-vides the reader a totally new reading experience.%《历史人》的魅力不仅源于小说思想的多维，更在于作者叙述技巧的独特。小说在形式上规范有序，内容上却杂乱无章；多重叙述声音的运用让虚构的谎言成为了现实，又让真实演化出不同的版本；停留于“现在”的叙述形式及多种时间技巧的有机结合打破了时间的线性流动，丰富了时间的呈现形式；第三人称外视角的书写角度让叙述浮在表面，读者无法走进人物的内心，也就难以释放自己的同情；而作者又通过叙述氛围与艺术形象对读者进行着隐形控制。巧妙娴熟的叙述技巧拉开了文本与读者的距离，让客观的真实在虚构的外衣下显得遥不可及，而这种真实与虚构的交融正是小说带给读者的全新阅读体验。