论荀子哲学中的“听”

摘要

“Listening”,an important concept in Xun Zi’s philosophy,has a rich and deep meaning.It is closely connected with some core concepts and issues concerned by Xun Zi.He believes that when ears meet sound and “heart”makes a sense at the same time,“listening”can actually happen.Not all sounds need to be “listened to”.The test of“listen”or“not listen”is whether the content fit propriety of“Dao”,“the way of the Former Kings”and “Following the Later Kings”.The importance and neces-sity of“listening”is that the content and effect of it,the connotation and denotation of it,and the rela-tionship between listening and music.If we want to listen in a right way,we must follow the principle and insist on the attitude.Both sides should be listened to.We should always overcome the nature of people in the process of listening.%“听”作为荀子哲学中一个重要的概念范畴，有着丰富而深切的含义，与荀子关注的一些核心概念和问题有着密切的关联。荀子认为，当耳与声相遇，同时，“心”发挥作用时，“听”才能真正发生。并非所有的内容都需“听”，“听”与“不听”的标准在于，其内容是否顺乎礼义，符合广义的“道”，能否“合先王”、“及后王”。听的重要性和必要性彰显在“听”的内容，产生的效果，“听”的内涵和外延，以及“听”与乐的关系等方面。要想做到真正的听，应遵循“听”的原则，守持“听”的态度，做到“兼听”与“衡听”，并在这一过程中不断克服人“好听”的本性。