基于AHP-信息量法的武汉地区岩溶地面塌陷危险性评价

摘要

Karst surface collapse is the main geological disaster in Wuhan area.We selected nine evaluation factors including formation lithology,groundwater exploitation,distribution of fault zone,thickness of overburden,structure of overburden,engineering activities and distance from the Yangtze River,development of karst caves,and karst collapse points to calculate their comprehensive information values by combining weights determined by analytic hierarchy process and information value calculated by information quantity method.Then the risk zoning assessment of karst surface collapse in Wuhan region was conducted.The accuracy of applying AHP-Information quantity method to the karst surface collapse risk assessment in Wuhan region is verified according to comparison with karst surface collapse already occurred.Points which have already seen karst surface collapse are almost in high risk zone.The evaluation results provide basis for the prevention and control of karst surface collapse in Wuhan region,and the evaluation method could also provide reference for the risk assessment of karst surface collapse in other areas.%岩溶地面塌陷是武汉地区面临的主要地质灾害.选取了地层岩性、地下水开采、断裂带分布、覆盖层厚度、覆盖层结构、工程活动、距长江的距离、溶洞发育、岩溶地面塌陷9个评价因子,通过将层次分析法(Analytic Hierarchy Process,简称AHP)确定的权重与信息量法确定的信息量进行叠加的方法计算各因子的综合信息量,进而对武汉地区岩溶地面塌陷进行危险性分区评价.根据与已发生的岩溶地面塌陷的对比,验证了AHP-信息量法在武汉地区岩溶地面塌陷危险性评价应用中结果的准确性,已发生岩溶塌陷点几乎都位于高危险区.评价结果可为武汉地区岩溶地面塌陷的防治提供参考依据,评价方法可为其他地区的岩溶地面塌陷危险性评价工作提供借鉴.