遗产旅游与遗产真实性研究

摘要

The authenticity of heritage, especially intangible cultural heritage, has become a core issue of heritage studies in the boom of mass tourism. As for heritage protection, the ultimate pursuit should be the authenticity of heritage, i.e. the cultural undertaking of particular group of people in a given time, space, based on their own way of living and mode of production. While for heritage tourism, due to time transplacement, space displacement, tourists are often presented with heritage manufacturing and heritage performance. As time goes by, these heritage manufacturing and heritage performance are likely to become ultra realistic and be accepted as authentic heritage. Consequently, the authenticity of heritage is con- stantly changing with the development of heritage.%遗产尤其是非物质文化遗产的真实性问题，在大众旅游兴盛的今天，成为遗产研究的一个核心问题。对于遗产保护来说，人们追求的是遗产的原真性，即特定人群在既定的时间、空间里按照自己的生活、生产方式而进行的文化事项；对于遗产旅游来说，由于时间错位，空间位移，旅游者看到的多是遗产制造与遗产表演，随着时间的发展，这些舞台表演的遗产成为一种“超真实”性遗产，而可能会被接受为“原真性”的遗产，从而完成“传统的发明”，遗产的原真性因遗产的动态发展而处于不断的演变之中。