西方人类学史在中国人类学教材的书写演变与选择

摘要

西方人类学史在中国人类学教材编写中呈现出来的历史分期问题是一个值得讨论的问题.随着西方人类学著作越来越多地进入国内,西方人类学理论的认识也在丰富,大大扩充了人类学教材的相关内容.马克思主义的认识论范式的支配力量渐渐让位于多元化的理论流派,而且有关宗教、象征和心理等文化理论的地位有所上升.西方人类学史的书写为中国人类学的学科独立与发展服务,在这种学科目标和政治框架的限制下,西方人类学史的历史分期问题也就反映中国人类学的主观性意志与话语权力所在,人类学交流的平等与不平等共存的关系格局仍旧构成中国人类学寻找"中国学派"的现实力量.%The historical stages of the western anthropology in the compilation of anthropological textbooks in China are worthy of discussion on its more expanded knowledge and related contents.The dominance of the epistemological paradigm of Marxism is gradually replaced by more pluralistic theoretical schools with rising status of cultural theories in religion, symbolism and psychology,which reflected the subjective will and discourse power of Chinese anthropology limited by the course objectives and political framework of serving only for the disciplinary independence and development.The relationship between equality and inequality in anthropological communication still constitutes the real power of Chinese anthropology in seeking for the "Chinese school".