To improve the green total factor productivity (GTFP) is, in the new normal, the growing intense relation between the energy demand and the resources constraints, and also the inherent tenor required in the policies of "Belt and Road" and"supply side reform". This paper, applying the data envelopment analysis (DEA), first measured four national and provincial GTFP from 2000 to 2015 under different environmental constraints, and built up a system GMM model by selecting eight influencing factors. It found that (1) in the measurement of national and provincial GTFP: four kinds of GTFP showed a rising trend, driven by the green technology progress index. It experienced the development of "two peaks and three valleys"; the control of CO2 pollution was effectively the best; a comprehensive environmental governance had a long way to go; six provinces along the coast were the"leaders"for green economy development; and the four southwestern provinces were in a state of"low-level equilibrium"in terms of efficiency and technology, lacking the"engine"of the green economy; the provinces along the (maritime) Silk Road line had "N"-type situation in the four kinds of GTFP, with obvious differences among the four major regions along the line. (2) The GMM regression of the national sample showed that foreign trade and FDI had negative effects on GTFP;the marketization and liberalization of fiscal expenditure had a positive effect on GTFP; human capital played a negative role on green technology efficiency; and the industrial structure had dual influences of"output contribution"and"technical improvement"on GTFP; the expansion of financial scale hindered the improvement of green technology efficiency; the improvement of financial efficiency was conducive to the progress of green technology; the mandatory environmental regulations had a negative effect on GTFP. The regulatory market compliance with the "Porter Hypothesis" had a positive impact on GTFP and green technology advancement.%提高绿色全要素生产率 (GTFP) 是新常态下能源需求与资源约束日益增强的现实需求, 也是"一带一路"倡议、供给侧改革等政策的内在要旨.文章采用基于数据包络分析法 (DEA) 的Malmquist指数, 测度了全国和省域在不同环境约束下的4种GTFP, 并选取12个影响因素构建系统GMM模型.研究发现: (1) 在全国与省域GTFP的测度上:我国4种GTFP均呈现出波动上升态势, 并由绿色技术进步指数带动, 经历了"两峰三谷"的发展变化, CO2污染控制效果最好, 综合环境治理上任重道远;沿海六省为绿色经济发展的"排头兵", 西南四隅处于效率、技术的双项"低水平均衡"状态, 缺乏绿色经济的"发动机";"一带一路"沿线省域的4种GTFP发展均呈现"N"型态势, 沿线内部四大区域间差异明显. (2) 全国样本的GMM回归表明:对外贸易和FDI均对GTFP产生负作用;财政支出的市场化、自由化程度对GTFP有推进作用;人力资本对绿色技术效率具有负作用;产业结构对GTFP有着"产出贡献"和"技术改进"的双重影响;金融规模的扩大阻碍了绿色技术效率改善, 金融效率提升有利于绿色技术进步;命令型环境规制对GTFP有负向作用, 市场型环境规制符合"波特假说", 对GTFP和绿色技术进步产生了正影响.
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