认知凸显与主观增量标记'大'

摘要

The subjective increment marker"Da"(大)is a pragmatic marker which reflects and highlights the weighti-ness of the marked noun in the speaker's mind from the perspectives of modality and subjectivity.Deleting such a pragmatic marker does not change the original semanteme of the noun."Da(大)N",as a background sentence part,is often followed by the speaker's evaluation of the suitability of some kind of behavior.This kind of evaluation crite-ria is known as"Idealized Cognitive Model"."Da(大)N"mainly has the pragmatic functions of implying an interper-sonal meaning,hypothesis and satire.%主观增量标记"大"作为一种语用标记,它的删略与否并不会改变原有名词的客观语义,而是使其所标记的名词在说话人心理上量度得到凸显,反映了说话人的主观视角、情态."大N"作为背景句,其后接句多是说话人对于某种行为适宜与否的评价.这种评价的标准就是理想认知模型."大N"的语用功能主要表现为人际功能、预设功能和讽刺功能.