许地山的学术思想与方法研究

摘要

Xu Dishan ,a famous w riter in the history of Chinese literature ,has made remarkable achievement in the fields of religion studies ,folklore ,anthropology and archaeology .However ,the studies of him have long been limited to field of literature ,ignoring his achievements and contribution in the academic field .By using the methods of literature review and culture study , the paper makes a preliminary clarification of his academic thoughts and methods .Xu Dishan pursued “wide learning and retentive memory” academically .His research method inherited the textual study in Qing Dynasty and absorbed the western scientific spirit . He was determined to “learn”,advocated the scholarism from politics ,and kept off the “popular academic style”.He analyzed the reasons for separationf of the lack of “governance structures of learning”in China ,and the relation between the traditional “social science”, living conditions of modern scholars and the shortage of academic resources .%许地山是中国文学史上著名的作家，且在宗教学、民俗学、人类学、考古学等多个学术领域都有所建树，然而学术界对他的研究长期拘囿在文学领域，忽略了他在学术方面的成就与贡献。文中采用文献梳理与文化研究的方法，初步廓清了许地山的学术思想与学术方法：许地山在学术上追求“博闻强识”；在治学方法上承继了清代考证学并汲取了西方的科学精神；他立志“为学”，提倡“政学分途”，并能与“流行学风”保持距离；分析了中国缺少“治物之学”原因与传统学术的“社交学问”、中国现代学者的生存状态以及学术资源的匮乏的关系。