从技术创新视角看中国如何跨越“中等收入陷阱”

摘要

Since World War II,most middle -income countries fell into the so -called "Middle -income Trap"when they were in the process of trying to reach the high income country stage.Only a handful of economies were successful in making the leapfrog transition.At present,China is facing a similar problem in its development process,facing tough challenges and constraints relating to enterprise performance,scientific research and industrial upgrading.Based on the successful experiences of Japan and South Korea as well as the lessons from some Latin American countries,we suggest that technology innovation is the key to China in its efforts to escape the "Middle Income Trap".While the enterprise sci-entific research activities,traditional industries and emerging industry should be viewed as the main body of technologi-cal innovation.And meanwhile,four measures should be taken in parallel,which are enhancing the competitiveness of enterprises,attaching great importance to the basic research activities,upgrading traditional industry and cultivating new industries.Therefore,using the social -economic infrastructure of the coastal developed areas to help the development of the less developed inland regions,coupled with enterprise reform,scientific research and industrial transformation,Chi-na should be able to build an innovative country to avoid the curse of the "middle income trap".%二战以来，大多数中等收入国家在迈向高等收入国家的进程中陷入了“中等收入陷阱”的难题，只有少数中等收入国家实现了跨越式发展成为高收入国家。目前，处于中等收入阶段的中国面临着企业博而不精、科研活动述而不作和传统产业大而不强等问题。通过对日韩成功跨越和拉美国家深陷困境的案例研究发现，技术创新是中国目前面对“中等收入陷阱”挑战的着力点，而企业、科研活动以及传统产业和新兴产业作为技术创新的主体、中介和客体应实现协同创新，将提高企业竞争力、重视基础科研活动、升级传统产业和培育新兴产业并行，同时结合中国已经具备的发达地区带动落后地区发展的社会基础，实现经济的可持续增长，从而跨越“中等收入陷阱”。