长江中游相对湿度的气候变化特征及其对航运的影响分析

摘要

利用1965～2008年长江中游附近17个气象观测站点的相对湿度数据分析了长江中游相对湿度的气候变化特征.分析结果表明:长江中游年平均相对湿度在65％～85％之间,除个别站点外年平均相对湿度以及年高湿日天数均有减小的趋势；大部分站点6～8月份的相对湿度比其他月份要高,且与其他月份相对湿度的差值有增加趋势；高湿日天数在1/3以上,较西的站点7月份高湿日最多,较东的站点3月份高湿日最多；相对湿度与降雨量呈正相关,与蒸发量和日照时间呈负相关.相对湿度的这种变化对粮食、化肥等货物的运输是有利的.%Using the relative humidity data from 17 weather stations near the middle Yangtze River,the relative humidity's characteristic of climate change was analyzed.The result show that the relative humidity in there is between 65 ％ and 85 ％.The relative humidity and high relative humidity day have a decrease trend in most station.The relative humidity is higher in June July and August in most station,and the D-value between the 3 months and others is becoming lager.One or more day is high relative humidity day in three days.The high relative humidity day is the most in July in the west station of the 17 stations,and in the east station it is in March.The correlation between the relative humidity and the rain is positive,and it is negative between the relative humidity and the evaporation,the sunshine.The change is beneficial for the transport of cargoes,such as grain and chemical fertilizer.