中国优秀运动员运动损伤的项群现象探究——以体能主导类项目为例

摘要

Through questionnaires ,interviews and medical records ,this study investigated the sports injuries of 232 profes-sional players participating in the Thirteenth National Sports Games of China.This research was based on three event-groups :strength ,speed and endurance.In this study ,the incidence and sequencing of sports injuries in different parts of the body were given.There were similar characteristics of sports injury within the three event-groups of strength ,speed and endurance respectively .In addition ,there was a significant correlation in the body parts of sports injury among the same event-groups .There were big differences in the distribution of injury locations among different sports event-groups . It could be concluded that sports injuries were different among different event-group.The categorization of sports injuries according to event groups could facilitate sports training management ,ensure systematic training and improve athletic per-formance.%运用问卷调查、访谈和查阅医疗档案等方法对参加第十三届全国运动会体能主导类项目的232名运动员的运动损伤情况进行了分析研究.依据体能主导类项目的力量、速度和耐力3个项群分类,分别给出了各个身体部位运动损伤的发生率及其排序,并对不同项群之间身体部位损伤发生的情况进行了相关分析.结果表明:力量性、速度性和耐力性3个项群内部各自运动项目的运动损伤部位、损伤次数和发生率的排序均具有相似的规律,各个身体部位损伤的分布在同一项群内部的不同项目间均具有显著的相关性.项群间运动项目的损伤部位分布规律存在较大差异.得出以下结论:运动损伤具有"项群现象",运动损伤可进行项群划分,便于运动训练管理及优化后勤保障从而保证运动训练的系统性和运动成绩的提高.