长蕊木兰叶片挥发油的化学成分及其分类学意义

摘要

采用同时蒸馏萃取法(SDE)对长蕊木兰叶片中挥发油进行提取,同时采用气相色谱/质谱(GC/MS)联用技术对挥发油中化学成分进行分析,并利用峰面积归一化法得出各化学成分在挥发油中的相对百分含量.采用文献比对分析法,将长蕊木兰叶片挥发油中分析得到的主要化学成分与已报到的木兰科其他属种挥发油的化学主成分进行比对分析,以探讨长蕊木兰叶片挥发油的主成分作为其化学分类指标的可能性.结果表明:从长蕊木兰叶片的挥发油中共分离出29个色谱峰,鉴定其中的26个化合物,占挥发物组成的92.92％.长蕊木兰叶片的挥发油化学成分主要由醇和烯类化合物组成,3-蒈烯相对百分含量占52.11％,为长蕊木兰叶片挥发油中相对百分含量最高的成分.其余成分还包括右旋柠檬烯(2.59％)、Tricyclo[2,2,1,0(2,6)]heptane,1,3,3-trimethyl(2.36％)、3-Thujene(9.67％)、罗勒烯(3.77％)、4-蒈烯(2.2％)、黃樟素(2.81％)、马兜铃烯(2.94％)、4-杜松二烯(4.42％)、反式-橙花叔醇(2.64％)、α-毕橙茄醇(2.14％).长蕊木兰挥发油化学成分中3-蒈烯的相对百分含量较高,并且与木兰科其他属种挥发油的主成分不同,因此相对百分含量较高的3-蒈烯有望作为长蕊木兰中区别于木兰科其他属种的一个重要化学指标.%The volatile oil in the leaves of Aromadendron cathcartii was extracted by simultaneous distillation extraction (SDE).The chemical constituents in the volatile oil were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and the peak area normalization method was used to get the relative percentage of each chemical component in the volatile oil.The main chemical components in the volatile oil of A. cathcartii were compared with the chemical constituents of other volatile oils of Magnoliaceae by literature comparison analysis method, in order to investigate the possibility of being a chemical classification indicator of Magnoliaceae.The results showed that 29 chromatographic peaks were isolated from the volatile oil of A. cathcartii leaves, and 26 of them were identified, accounting for 92.92％ of the volatile matter composition.The chemical constituents of volatile oil from the leaves of A. cathcartii are mainly composed of alcohols and alkenes.The relative percentage of 3-decene accounts for 52.11％, which is the highest percentage of chromatographic peaks in volatile oil of A. cathcartii leaves.The remaining ingredients also include D-limonene (2.59％), Tricyclo[2, 2, 1, 0 (2, 6) ] heptane, 1, 3, 3-trimethyl (2.36％), 3-Thujene (9.67％), Trans-à-ocimene (3.77％), (+) -4-carene (2.2％), safrole (2.81％), (-) -Aristolene (2.94％), cadina-1 (10), 4-diene (4.42％), (?) -trans-nerolidol (2.64％), α-Cadinol (2.14％).The relative content of 3-decene in the chemical constituents of A. cathcartii volatile oil is higher, and it is different from the main components of volatile oils of other species of Magnoliaceae.Therefore, the relative high percentage of 3-decene in A. cathcartii is expected to be used as an important chemical indicator that distinguishes it from other genera of Magnoliaceae.