蒜头果根粗提取物的抑菌活性研究

摘要

To extend application of Malania oleifera,the antibacterial activity of its roots against 13 human pathogenic bacteria was detected by disc diffusion method.The effects of solvent(ethyl acetate and acetone),thermostability,photostability and pH to antibacterial activity also were detected.The result showed that the acetone extract had antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus,Straphylococcus haemolyticus and Streptcococcus agalactiae(MIC was 14.45mg/mL,7.225mg/mL,7.225 mg/mL,respectively).After treatment with different temperatures(30℃,50℃,70℃,90℃,100℃),different pH(3,5,7,9,11)and UV light different times(30min,60min,90min,120min,150min),the extract showed antibacterial activity against to Bacillus cereus and Straphylococcus haemolyticus,but not against Streptococcus agalactiae.It implies that the root of M.oleifera had several antibacterial compound with different bioactive and stability.After fragment of crude extract,the 50% ethanol-eluted fraction showed antibacterial activity.This study provide basic information to application of antibacterial bioactive compound from M.oleifera.%为高效利用蒜头果资源,以蒜头果根的粗提取物对13种人体致病细菌进行抑菌活性实验.采用滤纸片法,对蒜头果根的乙醇及丙酮粗提取物进行抗菌活性检测,同时,对其抗菌化合物的热稳定性,光稳定性及在酸碱环境中的稳定性进行检测.结果表明:蒜头果丙酮粗提取物对蜡样芽孢杆菌、溶血性葡萄球菌和无乳链球菌具有抗菌活性(MIC值分别为:14.450mg/mL,7.225mg/mL,7.225mg/mL),丙酮粗提物通过不同温度(30℃、50℃、70℃、90℃、100℃)、不同pH值(3、5、7、9、11)和紫外光不同照射时间(30min、60min、90min、120min、150min)处理后,对蜡样芽孢杆菌和溶血性葡萄球菌依然有抑菌效果,而对无乳链球菌却没有抑菌活性.这说明蒜头果根含有多种抗菌化合物,且有不同的抗菌活性及稳定性.蒜头果根丙酮粗提取物在分段纯化后,只在50%乙醇洗脱部分具有抗菌活性.研究结果为蒜头果根的抗菌活性成分的开发利用提供科学依据.