伊瑟尔:“三元合一”与文学人类学

摘要

伊瑟尔将文学虚构视为一种“越界行为”，而且把文学虚构置于人类学的理论视野中，深入揭示出文学虚构对于人的现实存在的重要意义。但是，由于他尚未辨析虚构的两种不同含义，就将虚构与想象加以强行分割，以此来构建现实、虚构和想象“三元合一”的虚构理论，这就难免造成对文学虚构的误释。%By putting literary fictionalizing under the perspective of Anthropology, Wolfgang Isler considered the former as a kind of transcendence of literary boundaries, based on which he deeply expounded the great significance of the real existence toward human beings. However, he randomly isolated the fictive from the imaginary without careful comparison of two different definitions of fiction in order to construct the trinity of fictionalizing theory among reality, fiction and imagination, which inevitably leads to the misunderstanding and misinterpretation of literary fictionalizing.