高速列车车轮磨耗引起的轮轨接触非对称问题研究

摘要

高速列车在实际运行过程中,由于同一轮对左右车轮磨耗不均会引起轮轨的非对称接触,对车辆的动力学性能影响较大.针对由于车轮磨耗引起的踏面外形变化对车轮运行的影响原理进行了简单的阐述,并结合实测的车轮踏面磨耗数据建立某型动车的动力学仿真模型,分析不同磨耗工况下车辆的动力学性能.分析结果表明,随着车轮踏面磨耗的加剧,车辆的稳定性、横向平稳性、脱轨系数、轮轴横向力、摩擦功率和轴箱处的横向加速度均有一定程度的恶化,而且磨耗越严重,恶化趋势越明显.%In an actual running operation,uneven wear of left and right wheels causes wheel/rail asymmetric contact,it influences dynamic behaviors of railway vehicles seriously.The principle for the effect of shape change of a wheel tread on wheel running was presented here.An EMU dynamic simulation model was built with the measured wheel tread wear data,and the dynamic behavior of a vehicle was analyzed under different wear conditions.The results showed that with intensification of wheel tread wear,stability,riding quality,derailment coefficient,wheel axle lateral force,friction power and axle box lateral acceleration of a vehicle are all getting worse.